Human menopause is characterised by ovarian failure, gonadotrophin hypersecretion and hypertrophy of neurones expressing neurokinin B (NKB), kisspeptin (KiSS)-1 and oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha gene transcripts within the hypothalamic infundibular (arcuate) nucleus. 
In addition, menopause is accompanied by hypertrophy of neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus expressing KiSS-1, neurokinin B (NKB), substance P, dynorphin and estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) mRNA.
CONTEXT: Human menopause is characterized by ovarian failure, gonadotropin hypersecretion, and neuronal hypertrophy in the hypothalamic infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of the hypothalamus are part of a reciprocal circuit regulating reproduction and energy balance.
Neurokinin B (NKB) gene expression is elevated in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of the hypothalamus in postmenopausal women.
There is hypertrophy of neurons expressing substance P and neurokinin B gene transcripts in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, accompanied by increased tachykinin gene expression.
Numerous small to medium-sized, fusiform and multipolar NPY-, AGRP-, and alphaMSH-immunoreactive (-IR) cells were widely distributed throughout the rostro-caudal extent of the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
Human menopause is associated with hypertrophy and increased gene expression of neurokinin (NKB) neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Neurons expressing high levels of calretinin immunoreactivity were particularly abundant in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the lateral area and the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.
A few appositions was observed in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, suggestive of a monosynaptic regulation of TI neurons by a septo-arcuate tract.
Hypertrophy and increased gene expression of tachykinin neurons occur in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of postmenopausal women.
No double-immunolabeled neurons could be detected in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
In the human hypothalamus, neuronal cell bodies stained for MCH were observed only in the periventricular area whereas cell bodies containing alpha-MSH were exclusively located in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
The most prominent hypothalamic group consisted of small neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
At the infundibular lip, GnRH+ perikarya are generally lateral or ventral to the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, and are rarely within the nucleus itself.
The infundibular (arcuate) nucleus seems to display non AVP-dependent CRa much greater in the human than in the rat..
With antibodies that we developed against synthetic human pancreatic GRF (hpGRF), we localized GRF immunoreactivity in neuronal cell bodies that were observed only in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
These two antibodies stain a single neuronal system with cell bodies mainly located in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, and in the ventromedial and lateralis tuber nuclei.
In man, discrete neurons of the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus contain compounds that can be stained with anti-endorphin (alpha and beta), anti-ACTH, anti-MSH (alpha and beta) and anti-beta-LPH immune sera (I.S.).
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